In this EMCREG-International newsletter, Sean P. Collins, MD, Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine at University of Cincinnati, OH discusses incidence of heart failure has been rising over the last decade as more patients survive significant myocardial infarction, as well as other diseases which compromise the heart. All clinicians who care for these patients must be aware of the many diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to these often critically-ill patients. NT-proBNP provides an important diagnostic and prognostic test for these heart failure patients.